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Clause order
One common clause order change can be achieved by converting sentences written in the active voice to passive and vice versa.
Example: The school was forced to close because of the flood. (passive)
The flood forced the school to close. (active)
Here is a more challenging clause order change:
Example: The Chinese government has initiated a strict programme to try and discourage couples from having more than one child to reduce the size of the population.
In a strict programme which has been intiated by the Chinese government, couples are discouraged from having more than one child to reduce the size of the population. OR
Couples in China are discouraged from having more than one child in order that the population size may be reduced in a strict programme which has been initiated by the Chinese government. (NB: This is a bit clumsy.)
For a more acceptable paraphrase, combine clause order change with techniques you learnt at word level by replacing the underlined words with a single-word or phrase synonym.
A strict programme to persuade couples to have only one child has been put in place by the Chinese government to decrease the population size.
Now you try. Write your sentences in the text box provided below. Use the starter words or write your own sentences. Click 'Save' if you wish to keep a record of your work.
1 During winter and spring, the drought-stricken farmers in five regions were provided financial help by the Department of Agriculture.
The Department of Agriculture offered...
2 Stress has well-established links to migraine and headaches.
Migraines and headaches...
3 Push factors such as war or famine are notorious for causing great population shifts. (Smith, 2005)
According to Smith (2005), large population movements are...
4 Some immigrants believe that poor English is the main obstacle to prosperity.
It is felt by some immigrants that..
5 The public has received no information about the connection between heart disease and the way people live.
No information about the...
Suggested answers
1 The Department of Agriculture offered financial assistance to farmers affected by the drought in winter and spring.
2 Migraines and headaches have been commonly associated with stress.
3 According to Smith (2005), large population migrations are attributed to conflict and serious food shortage.
4 It is felt by some immigrants that their lack of English prevents them from achieving wealth.
5 No information about the relationship between heart disease and lifestyle has been given to the public.
OR The public has not been made aware of the relationship between heart disease and lifestyle.
